Bookmarks

Recent Publications, Papers, and Patents by the Aerospace Technical Staff

Publications and Papers

(May 2005–August 2005)

R. J. Abbott, "Emergence as the Hierarchical Programming of Very Large Collections of Simple Processes," 3rd UCLA Lake Arrowhead Conference on Human Complex Systems (Lake Arrowhead, CA, May 19, 2005).

M. H. Abraham, "Advantages of Incorporation of Focused Ions into the Structuring of Implanted Micro and no Scale Devices," International Conference on Nuclear Microprobe Technology and Applications, 9th (Dubrovnik, Croatia, Sep. 13–17, 2004).

R. Adams, A. Gupta, and L. Black, "Applying System Dynamics Modeling to SMC Acquisitions," GSAW 2005, Ground Systems Architecture Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Feb. 28–Mar. 3, 2005).

R. J. Adams, A. K. Gupta, and D. R. Greer, "System Dynamics Modeling: Integrating Acquisition, Program and Technical Management," 17th Annual Systems and Software Technology Conference (Salt Lake City, UT, Apr. 18–21, 2005).

W. Ailor, W. Hallman, G. Steckel, and M. Weaver, "Analysis of Reentered Debris and Implications for Survivability Modeling," Fourth European Conference on Space Debris (European Space Operations Center, Darmstadt, Germany, Apr. 18–20, 2005).

A. L. Amram and C. L. Sakaizawa, "The Aerospace Corporation: An Overview," AIAA Technical Meeting (Chantilly, VA, May 25, 2005).

B. L. Arnheim, A. J. Peterson, and C. P. Wright, "Development of the Advanced Environmental Test Thoroughness Index," 22nd Aerospace Testing Seminar Proceedings (The Institute of Environmental Sciences and The Aerospace Corporation, Manhattan Beach, CA, Mar. 22–24, 2005).

B. L. Arnheim and J. D. White, "Integration and Test Systems Engineering," 22nd Aerospace Testing Seminar Proceedings (The Institute of Environmental Sciences and The Aerospace Corporation, Manhattan Beach, CA, Mar. 22–24, 2005).

W. F. Ballhaus, "Successes and Challenges in Transforming National-Security Space," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-214.

K. L. Bellman, "Creating the Analytic Foundations for Tomorrow's Systems," 2005 IEEE Electro/Information Technology Conference (Lincoln, NE, May 24, 2005).

R. L. Bishop et al., "An Investigation of Possible Coupling Between the Passage of a Tropical Storm and the Local Ionosphere," Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union, Vol. 86, No. 18 (2005).

R. L. Bishop, P. Straus, et al., "Troposphere/Ionosphere Coupling: Distinguishing F-Region Disturbances Generated by Tropical Weather Systems from Geomagnetic Storms," International Symposium on Equatorial Aeronomy (ISEA) & CAWSES Mini-Workshop, 11th (Taipei, Taiwan, May 9–14, 2005).

R. Bitten, D. Emmons, I. Min, and T. Radcliffe, "An Integrated Architecture Design/Cost/Scheduling Approach for Future Space Exploration Program Affordability," 1st Space Exploration Conference: Continuing the Voyage of Discovery (Orlando, FL, Jan. 30–Feb. 1, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-2519.

J. B. Blake, W. R. Crain, and D. I. Mabry, "The Aerospace Space-Radiation 'Dosimeter on A Chip,'" ESA: Ionizing Particle Measurements in Space (Noordwijk, The Netherlands, Jan. 31–Feb. 2, 2005).

J. B. Blake and P.L. Slocum, "Geoeffectiveness of Shocks in Populating the Radiation Belts," in Multiscale Coupling of Sun-Earth Processes, ed. by A. T. Y. Lui et al. (Elsevier Press, Feb. 15, 2005).

P. C. Brenn, "The Aerospace Corporation's EELV Launch Verification Process," NRO/AIAA Space Launch Integration Forum (Chantilly, VA, May 10–11, 2005).

L. Brownlow and J. Martin, "Enterprise Architecture for NASA's Earth-Sun Science Activities," Earth Observation Magazine (EOM), Vol. 14, No. 3 (May 2005).

W. F. Buell, J. R. Buck, R. P. Dickinson, D. A. Kozlowski, T. J. Wright, S. M. Beck, and N. J. Marechal, "Demonstrations of Synthetic Aperture Imaging Ladar," 6th Joint International Military Sensing Symposium Proceedings (Dresden, Germany, Oct. 18–21, 2004).

J. C. Camparo, "Is Marginalization of Minorities Threatening 'The Good Childhood' in Denmark?" Society for Research on Child Development (Atlanta, GA, Apr. 7–10, 2005).

D. Chen and T. S. Rose, "Low Noise 10-W CW OPO Generation Near 3 µm with MgO Doped PPLN," Quantum Electronics and Laser Science (QELS) Conference 2005, QELS 2005 Technical Digest (Baltimore, MD, May 22–27, 2005).

M. W. Chen, P. C. Anderson, et al., "Storm Time Distributions of Diffuse Auroral Electron Energy and X-ray Flux: Comparison of Drift-Loss Simulations with Observations," Journal of Geophysical Research, Atmospheres, Vol. 110, A03210 (Mar. 15, 2005).

M. W. Chen, J. L. Roeder, S. Liu, L. R. Lyons, and M. Schulz, "Relative Contribution of Electrons to the Stormtime Total Ring Current Energy Content," Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, L03110 (Feb. 10, 2005).

J. H. Clemmons, R. L. Bishop, et al., "Measurements of Neutral Density During the EQUIS II Nighttime Electrodynamics Missions," 2005 Joint Assembly American Geophysical Union (New Orleans, LA, May 23–27, 2005).

M. Crofton, "Measurement of Barium Production in a Hollow Cathode," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-368.

M. W. Crofton and T. Amadio, "Driver-Gas Tailoring for Low-Temperature Chemical Kinetics," 4th Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections of the Combustion Institute Conference (Philadelphia, PA, Mar. 20–23, 2005).

M. W. Crofton, D. M. Kalitan, A. Amadio, et al., "Ignition of Fuel-Lean CO/H2 Fuel Blends at Gas Turbine Conditions," 4th Joint Meeting of the U.S. Sections of the Combustion Institute Conference (Philadelphia, PA, Mar. 20–23, 2005).

M. W. Crofton, A. Amadio, et al., "Ignition of Lean Methane-Based Fuel Blends at Gas Turbine Pressures," ASME Turbo Expo 2005: Power for Land, Sea, and Air (Reno-Tahoe, NV, June 6–9, 2005).

J. Y. Cruz, M. D. Menn, W. A. Feess, and V. Nuth, "GPS Constellation Navigation: L-Band Measurements Only," National Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of the Institute of Navigation (ION-NTM-2005) (San Diego, CA, Jan. 24–26, 2005).

D. E. Davis and W. F. Tosney, "An Overview of National Security Space System Development Test Standards," 22nd Aerospace Testing Seminar Proceedings (The Institute of Environmental Sciences and The Aerospace Corporation, Manhattan Beach, CA, Mar. 22–24, 2005).

W. Engblom, "Progress in Validation of Wind-US for Ramjet/Scramjet Combustion," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-1000.

S. Eslinger and L. A. Abelson, "Recognizing Common Patterns of Software Acquisition Failures," 17th Annual Systems and Software Technology Conference l (Salt Lake City, UT, Apr. 18–21, 2005).

S. Eslinger and R. J. Adams, "Software Acquisition Best Practices," 17th Annual Systems and Software Technology Conference (Salt Lake City, UT, Apr. 18–21, 2005).

J. F. Fennell and J. L. Roeder, "HEO Satellite Surface Charging in 1995–2002," 9th Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference (Tsukuba, Japan, Apr. 4–8, 2005).

S. Fergason, "Ion Thruster Plume Simulation Using Clustered PC Workstations," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-966.

M. Gorlick, "Raging Incrementalism—Rethinking Systems Engineering As If Results Mattered," 2005 Institute of Software Research Forum: Wave of the Future (University of Irvine, Irvine, CA, 2005).

M. Gorlick and J. Georgas, "A Scalable Open-Source Digital Video System for Launch Range Operations," GSAW 2005, Ground Systems Architecture Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Feb. 28–Mar. 3, 2005).

M. Gorlick, J. Georgas, and R. N. Taylor, "Raging Incrementalism: Harnessing Change with Open-Source Software," 5th Workshop on Open-Source Software Engineering, Part of the 27th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2005) (St. Louis, MO, May 17, 2005).

V. K. Goyal and J. I. Rome, "Burst Pressure Predictions of Composite Cylindrical Vessels with Wrinkled Plies," AIAA/ASME/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit (Tucson, AZ, 2005).

J. E. Granata and T. D. Sahlstrom, "Thin-Film Photovoltaic Radiation Testing and Modeling for an MEO Orbit," IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (Lake Buena Vista, FL, Jan. 3–7, 2005).

D. V. Gunter, et al., "Design and Specification of Ballistic Test Fixtures and a Data Acquisition System for Analysis of Bridge-Wire Initiators," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-276.

D. Hall, "Review of Midcourse Space Experiment (MSX) Satellite GCM Contamination Result Years in Space," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper-2005-67.

L. I. Harzstark, "Hybrid Microcircuit Update," Space Parts Working Group 2005 (Torrance, CA, Apr. 12–13, 2005).

L. I. Harzstark, "Review of DC-DC Converter Problems," Commercialization of Military and Space Electronics Conference & Exhibition, 9th Annual CMSE (Los Angeles, CA, Feb. 7–10, 2005).

G. F. Hawkins and M. J. O'Brien, "Embedding Simple Machines to Add Novel Dynamic Functions to Composites," JOM, Publication of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society, Vol. 57, No. 3, pp. 32–35 (Mar. 2005).

J. H. Hecht, F. Li, A. Z. Liu, G. R. Swenson, and W. Robinson, "Observations of Gravity Wave Breakdown into Ripples Associated with Dynamical Instabilities," Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres, Vol. 110, No. D9 (Mar. 30, 2005).

J. H. Hecht, A. Z. Liu, R. L Walterscheid, and R. J. Rudy, "Maui Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (Maui MALT) Observations of the Evolution of Kelvin-Helmholtz Billows Formed Near 86 km Altitude," Journal of Geophysical Research D Atmospheres, Vol. 110, No. D9 (Jan. 2005).

M. J. Hecht and D. J. Buettner, "A Software Anomaly Repository To Support Software Reliability Prediction," 17th Annual Systems and Software Technology Conference (Salt Lake City, UT, Apr. 18–21, 2005).

R. Hopkins, D. D. Sawall, R. M. Villahermosa and R. A. Lipeles, "Interfacial Synthesis of Electrically Conducting Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites," Thin Solid Films, Vol. 469–470, pp. 304–308 (2004).

S. W. Janson, "Aerospace Applications of MEMS," Proceedings of SPIE—MEMS/MOEMS Components and Their Applications II, A. K. Henning, ed., Vol. 5717 (Jan. 2005), pp. 1–13.

S. W. Janson, "MEMS and Photostructurable Glass for Nano/Picosatellites," California Space Institute Weekly Seminar Series (University of California San Diego, CA, May 12, 2005).

E. C. Johnson and Y. M. Kim, "A Model for Ultrasonic Measurement in Highly Anisotropic Composites," American Society of Nondestructive Testing (Maui, HI, Apr. 20, 2005).

J. A. Kechichian, "Optimal Altitude-Constrained Low-Thrust Transfer Between Inclined Circular Orbits," The Malcolm D. Shuster Astronautics Symposium (American Astronautical Society and The University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Jun. 12–15, 2004).

S. Kenderian, D. Cerniglia, B. B. Djordjevic, and G. Garcia, "Laser-Air Hybrid Ultrasonic Technique for Dynamic Railroad Inspection Applications," Insight, Vol. 47, No. 6, pp. 336–340 (June 2005).

C. A. Landauer, "People-Appropriate Policy Models Require New Mathematical Tools (I Am Not a Number)," International Symposium on Technology and Society 2005 (Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, June 8–10, 2005), pp. 46–51.

F. E. Livingston and H. Helvajian, "Development of a New Laser Material Processing Technique Using Digitally-Scripted Genotype Sequencing and Electro-Optic Pulse Modulation," 6th International Symposium on Laser Precision Microfabrication-Science and Applications (LPM 2005) (Williamsburg, VA, Apr. 4–8, 2005).

F. E. Livingston and H. Helvajian, "Photophysical Processes That Lead to Ablation-Free Microfabrication in Glass-Ceramic Materials," in 3‑D Laser Microfabrication: Principles & Applications, ed. by H. Misawa and S. Juodkazis (John Wiley, Sep. 23, 2005).

F. E. Livingston, H. Helvajian, W. Hanson, and S. F. Lee, "An Automated Multi-wavelength, Direct-write True 3‑D Laser Microengineering Experimental Station with Dynamic Laser Power Modulation," 6th International Symposium on Laser Precision Microfabrication-Science and Applications (LPM 2005) (Williamsburg, VA, Apr. 4–8, 2005).

J. A. Lollock and T. R. Cole, "The Effect of Mass Weighting on the Effective Independence of Mode Shapes," 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference (Austin, TX, Apr. 18–21, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-1836.

T. S. Lomheim, "Space-Based Remote Sensing Electro-Optical Instruments," Arkansas Junior Science and Humanities Symposium (Arkansas Technical University, Russellville, AR, Mar. 4–6, 2005).

T. S. Lomheim, E. M. Bassett, Y. L. Hayhurst, and S .S. Chen, "Hyperspectral Imagers: Applications, Sensor Design, Performance, and Information Extraction," SPIE Defense and Security Symposium (Orlando, FL, Apr. 12–16, 2005).

T. S. Lomheim, R. A. Keller, and J. A. Lang, "Hyperspectral Imaging Fourier Transform Spectrometer (IFTS): Parametric Sensitivity Analysis," SPIE Defense and Security Symposium (Orlando, FL, Apr. 12–16, 2005).

M. D. Looper, J. B. Blake, R.A. Mewaldt, "Response of the Inner Radiation Belt to the Violent Sun-Earth Connection Events of October–November 2003," Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 32, L03S06 (2005).

W. E. Maillard, "Investigation of Advanced ISR and Weapon Systems in Missions Against TBM Targets Employing Deceptive Tactics," 73rd MORS Symposium (West Point, NY, Jun. 22, 2005).

L. G. Marcus, "Logical Foundations of an Adaptive Security Infrastructure," Association for Symbolic Logic, 2005 Annual Meeting (Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, Mar. 19–22, 2005).

M. F. Marshall, P. L. Smith, R. W. Easter, "Planning for Multi-Mission Space Exploration Campaigns," Space 2005: First International Conference & Exhibition on Access, Habitation, Exploration, Business & Science in Space (Albuquerque, NM, Apr. 3–7, 2005).

A. L. Mazuk and L. O. Belsma, "Daily High Resolution MM5 Weather Predictions for the LA Basin," 21st International Conference on Interactive Information Processing Systems for Meteorology, Oceanography and Hydrology (San Diego, CA, Jan. 12, 2005).

M. McAtee, L. O. Belsma, J. F. Drake, A. M. Kishi, and A. L. Mazuk, "Impact of Three Dimensional Data Assimilation for High Resolution Weather and Pollution Forecasting the Los Angeles Basin," Atmospheric Sciences and Air Quality Conference (San Francisco, CA, Apr. 27–29 2005).

J. P. McVey and A. B. Jenkin, "Animation of Disposal Orbit Evolution for the Galileo Constellation," Presentation at Fourth European Conference on Space Debris (European Space Operations Center, Darmstadt, Germany, Apr. 18–20, 2005).

R. A. Metzler, "Collaboration Between Raytheon IIS and The Aerospace Corporation in Development of NPOESS Preparatory Project (NPP) Orbit Operations Software," GSAW 2005, Ground Systems Architecture Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Feb. 28–Mar. 3, 2005).

S. M. Missirian and M. R. Ciofalo, "Results from 10 Year Low Energy Proton Radiation Testing of GPS Coverglass," 2004 Space Power Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Apr. 19–22, 2004).

T. L. Mulligan et al., "Comparison of Interplanetary Disturbances at the NEAR Spacecraft with Corol Mass Ejections at the Sun," The Astrophysical Journal, Vol. 601, pp. 524–536 (2005).

T. L. Mulligan and J. F. Fennell, "Non-Force-Free Modeling of the August 22, 2001 Flux Rope in the Plasma Sheet and Comparison with Cluster/RAPID Particle Observations," European Geosciences Union, General Assembly (Vienna, Austria, Apr. 24–29, 2005).

M. H. Nadel, "Adoption of Emerging Standards for Ground Systems: Lessons Learned from Space Based Infrared System Increment 1," 6th International Symposium Reducing the Costs of Spacecraft Ground Systems and Operations (RCSGSO) (Darmstadt, Germany, June 17, 2005).

P. O'Brien, C. L. Lemon, J. Roeder, and J. Fennell, "A Systematic Search for Direct Ionosphere to Ring Current Plasma Transfer," Presentation to European Geosciences Union General Assembly (Vienna, Austria, Apr. 24–29, 2005.

P. O'Brien, J. E. Mazur, J. Green, and M. D. Looper, "Electron Precipitation Bands: Possible Causes, Expectations, and Observations," 2005 Joint Assembly American Geophysical Union (New Orleans, LA, May 23–27, 2005).

D. P. Olsen, "Satellite TT&C Denial Electronic Counter Measures and Mitigation," Security Working Group of CCSDS (Athens, Greece, Apr 11–15, 2005).

L. Palkovic and T. J. Wilson, "Mars Extant-Life Campaign Using an Approach Based on Earth-Analog Habitats," Space Exploration 2005 (Albuquerque, NM, Apr. 3–6, 2005).

I. A. Palusinski, "Development of SiC Characterization Standards and Database," SPIE Proceedings, Optical Materials and Structures Technology II, Vol. 5868 (2005).

D. M. Peters, "Microcircuit QML Status," Space Parts Working Group 2005 (Torrance, CA, Apr. 12–13, 2005).

D. H. Quine and C. L. Sakaizawa, "The Dynamics of Metasystems," INCOSE (Loyola Marymount University, Los Angeles, CA, June 11, 2005).

E. Y. Robinson, "Mass and Performance Trends of Space Nuclear Power Systems," Space Nuclear Conference 2005 (San Diego, CA, June 5–9, 2005).

S. R. Robertson, "Parts, Materials and Processes (PMP) Revitalization Vision," Space Parts Working Group 2005 (Torrance, CA, Apr. 12–13, 2005).

J. L. Roeder and J. F. Fennell, "Differential Charging of Satellite Surface Materials," 9th Spacecraft Charging Technology Conference (Tsukuba, Japan, Apr. 4, 2005).

J. L. Roeder, J. F. Fennell, and Y. Dotan, "Polar Observations of Isotropic Angular Distributions of Energetic Ions During Geomagnetic Storms," 2005 Joint Assembly American Geophysical Union (New Orleans, LA, May 23–27, 2005).

R. J. Rudy, D. K. Lynch, S. Mazuk, C. Venturini, et al., "Detection of Near-IR CO Absorption Bands in R Coroe Borealis Stars," Astronomical Journal, Vol. 130, No. 1, pp. 256–260 (July 2005).

R. W. Russell, D. K. Lynch, D. L. Kim, et al., "Very Early 3–13 Micron Spectral Development of V1187 Scorpii (Nova Scorpii 2004 #2)," 205th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society Winter Meeting (San Diego, CA, Jan. 9–13, 2005).

B. H. Sako and A. M. Kabe, "Direct Least-Squares Formulation of a Stiffness Adjustment Method," AIAA Journal, Vol. 43, No. 2, pp. 413–419 (Feb. 2005).

P. Schmidt, J. Milstein, and S. Alvarado, "Architectural Assessment of Embedded Systems Using Aspect-Oriented Programming Principles," Eighth IEEE International Symposium on Object-Oriented Real-Time Distributed Computing, ISORC 2005 (May 18–20, 2005), pp. 90–93.

K. Scully, "Mesh-Based Interpolation on 2-Manifolds," International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences, Vol. 7, pp. 1067–1083 (2005).

M. Sheaffer and P. F. Zittel, "Experimental and Computer Model Study of Carbon Combustion in Low Pressure Lamir H2O2 Flames," 41st AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference (Toronto, Canada, July 10–13, 2005).

C. P. Silva and A. M. Young, "High-Frequency Implementation Approaches and Circuit Issues for PWL Chaotic Oscillators," SIAM Conference on Applications of Dynamical Systems, Minisymposium MS42: Dynamics of Chaotic RF/Microwave Devices (Snowbird, UT, May 22–26, 2005).

E. J. Simburger et al., "Fabrication and Testing of a PowerSphere Engineering Development Unit," 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics & Materials Conference (Austin, TX, Apr. 18–21, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-1878.

E. J. Simburger and S. H. Liu, "Distributed Power System for Microsatellites," Proceedings of the 31st IEEE Photovoltaics Specialists Conference (Orlando, FL, Jan. 5, 2005).

M. M. Simpson, "Summary of Electromagnetic Compatibility Requirements in MIL-STD-1540E," 22nd Aerospace Testing Seminar Proceedings (The Institute of Environmental Sciences and The Aerospace Corporation, Manhattan Beach, CA, Mar. 22–24, 2005).

Y. Sin, N. Presser, and M. Mason, "Novel Tunable DFB Lasers with FIB Deposited Heaters," SPIE Proceedings V5738, SPIE Photonics West 2005 (Apr. 2005), pp. 262–270.

J. P. Siplon, "Passive Parts, Current Issues," Space Parts Working Group 2005 (Torrance, CA, Apr. 12–13, 2005).

M. E. Sklar and S. M. Dawson, "Space Nuclear Power Public and Stakeholder Risk Communication," Aerospace Nuclear Science and Technology/Space Nuclear Conference (San Diego, CA, June 5–9, 2005).

P. L. Slocum, J. H. Clemmons, J. H. Hecht, et al., "Implications of Auroral Electron Precipitation During the JOULE Experiment," 2005 Joint Assembly American Geophysical Union (New Orleans, LA, May 23–27, 2005).

C. K. Smith et al., "A Statistical Approach to WindSat Ocean Wind Vector Retrieval," Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (IEEE, Oct. 2005).

P. R. Straus, R. L. Bishop, and G. Crowley, "GPS Occultation Measurements the Post-Sunset E-Region," 2005 Joint Assembly American Geophysical Union (New Orleans, LA, May 23–27, 2005).

R. T. Sugiyama, "Mass Properties Control Standard for Space Vehicles," Society of Allied Weight Engineers/64th Annual International Conference on Mass Properties Engineering (Annapolis, MD, May 15–10, 2005).

D. P. Taylor and H. Helvajian, "Curious Behavior in Pulsed UV Laser Irradiation of an Al(III) Surface," Brandt-Ritchie Workshop 2005, 25th on Penetration Phenomena (Gainesville, FL, Apr. 10–13, 2005).

S. Turner, T. Bujewski, and G. Knebel, "Automation in Satellite Ground Systems: A Survey of International Best Practices and Lessons Learned," GSAW 2005. Ground Systems Architecture Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Feb. 28–Mar. 3, 2005).

R. Tuttle, R., T. Cole, and J. Lollock, "An Automated Method for Identification of Efficient Measurement Degrees-of-Freedom for Mode Survey Testing," 46th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics and Materials Conference (Austin, TX, Apr. 18–21, 2005), AIAA paper 2005-2344

C. C. Venturini, D. K. Lynch, R. J. Rudy, S. Mazuk, et al., "Visible and Infrared Spectrophotometry of V5114 Sagittarii," 205th Meeting of the American Astronomical Society Winter Meeting (San Diego, CA, Jan. 9–13, 2005).

C. C. Venturini, R. Rudy, D. K. Lynch, S. Mazuk, et al., "0.47–2.5 Micron Reflectance Spectroscopy of Pluto" 205th American Astronomical Society Winter Meeting (San Diego, CA, Jan. 9–13, 2005).

R. Walterscheid, D. Buell, et al., "Orbital Drag—Atmospheric Density Concept of Operations 2004 Update," 43rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting & Exhibit (Reno, NV, Jan. 10–13, 2005), AIAA Paper 2005-70.

R. Walterscheid, G. Schubert, and M. P. Hickey, "Gravity Wave Heating and Cooling in Saturn's Thermosphere," 2005 Joint Assembly American Geophysical Union (New Orleans, LA, May 23–27, 2005).

H. Wang and G. H. Iyanu, "Formation of Ultracold Ground-State RbCs Molecules via Photoassociated 11P State," American Physical Society (APS) March Meeting, Bulletin of the American Physical Society (Los Angeles, CA, Mar. 21–25, 2005).

H. Wang and G. H. Iyanu, "Formation of Ultracold Ground-State RbCs Via Photoassociation," Quantum Electronics and Laser Science (QELS) Conference 2005, QELS 2005 Technical Digest (Baltimore, MD, May 22–27, 2005).

C-P. Wang, L. R. Lyons, M. W. Chen, et al., "Modeling the Transition of the Inner Plasma Sheet from Weak to Enhanced Convection," Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 109, No. A12 (Dec. 1, 2004).

B. H. Weiller, S. Virji, J. Huang, et al., "Polyaniline Nanofiber Composites with Metal Salts: Chemical Sensors for Hydrogen Sulfide," Nano Letters, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 491–496 (2004).

M. J. Wheaton and R. Valerdi, "EIA/ANSI 632 as a Standardized WBS for COSYSMO," SA Cost Analysis Symposium: Implementing the One SA Cost Transformation (New Orleans, LA, Apr. 12–14, 2005).

T. S. Yeoh, "Open-Source 3‑D Modeling and Rendering: An Interactive Tutorial," IEEE Coastal LA Section General Meeting (Long Beach, CA, May 17, 2005).

T. S. Yeoh, N. A Ives, N. Presser, M. S. Leung, G. Stupian, J. L. Mc Collum, and F. Hawley, "Holistic Analysis of Successive FIB Slices by SEM Imaging and 3‑D Reconstruction," Materials Research Society Spring 2005 (San Francisco, CA, Mar. 28–Apr. 1, 2005).

A. H. Zimmerman, "Life Testing of Nickel Hydrogen Batteries at 60%—Depth of Discharge for Low Earth Orbit Satellite Applications," 2004 Space Power Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Apr. 19–22, 2004).

A. H. Zimmerman and M. V. Quinzio, "Demonstration of Extended Nickel Hydrogen Battery Life at High Depth of Discharge Using an Optimized Charge Control System," 2004 Space Power Workshop (Manhattan Beach, CA, Apr. 19–22, 2004).

Patents

(January 2005–August 2005)

L. Gurevich, "Adjustable Multipoint Docking System," U.S. Patent No. 6,840,481, Jan. 2005.

An adjustable multipoint docking mechanism can be used by a space vehicle to grasp orbiting satellites by the adapter rings that originally joined them to their launch vehicles. The capture vehicle would include a circular mounting plate with a number of docking mechanisms, each comprising a set of radially adjustable jaws mounted on sliding blocks that are moved by ball screws to the required position. After the jaws have grasped the flanged adapter ring, compression pads secure it against the rescue vehicle. Because it can adjust to accommodate rings of different diameters and positions, the mechanism can be used to capture a variety of target vehicles, including those not originally designed for docking. Typical missions would include boosting a satellite from an incorrect orbit, removing a dead satellite from a valuable orbital slot, or rescuing personnel from a deorbiting space station.

P. A. Herman, "Method of Controlling Pointing for a Flexible Structure," U.S. Patent No. 6,845,951, Jan. 2005.

Lighter satellites can be cheaper to deploy than their heavier counterparts, but tend to be more flexible and therefore harder to control. This technique, known as "Universal Bang-Bang Control," makes it easier to point flexible satellites from one target to another accurately and quickly. A command generator is configured to generate a scaled "bang-bang" input based on system capabilities and input magnitude. The input is first directed through low-pass filters that attenuate the energy spectra that would excite the undesirable modes associated with structural flexibility of the system. Pole locations are derived directly from the lowest frequency mode present in the structural dynamics. After filtering, the bang-bang command is used for the reference path and the feedforward path.

E. J. Simburger, H. Helvajian, "Inflatable Ablation Gas Cell Structure System," U.S. Patent No. 6,851,259, Feb. 2005.

This patent describes a method and system for sequentially inflating the cells in an inflatable structure by means of electronic control and power lines integrated into the walls of each cell. A microelectromechanical system (MEMS) capable of generating inflation gas via laser ablation is placed inside each cell. The MEMS contains all of the associated electronics for controlling the release of gas in small increments and determining the resultant pressure change in the inflatable structure. The control electronics can execute a preprogrammed inflation sequence and communicate status along with any measured parameters to a central processor. The MEMS devices would operate using direct current and control lines supplied from a spacecraft bus.

K. W. Baker, "Capillary Two-Phase Thermodynamic Power Conversion Cycle System," U.S. Patent No. 6,857,269, Feb. 2005.

A two-phase thermodynamic system converts heat energy into mechanical energy that can be used to power spacecraft electronics. A capillary device such as a heat loop pipe or a capillary pumped loop draws liquid from a reservoir. Heat directed toward the capillary turns the liquid into a high-pressure vapor that can be used to drive a turbine, generating electrical power. The vapor then passes through a condenser, which transfer the waste heat out into the environment. The cooled vapor once again becomes liquid and can be conducted back to the capillary to repeat the process. In space, the system can use direct heat from the sun or a radioisotope or waste heat from a power system or spacecraft electronics. The use of a capillary solves the problem of two-phase fluid management in microgravity; evaporation drives the capillary action, effectively creating a passive pump.

J. V. Osborn, "Microelectromechanical system Optical Sensor Providing Bit Image Data of a Viewed Image," U.S. Patent No. 6,861,633, Mar. 2005.

This integrated microelectromechanical system (MEMS) sun sensor can be used for attitude determination on spinning spacecraft. The device includes a microlens, a folded optical element, and an active pixel sensor array. Using the motion of the spinning spacecraft, the sensor scans the sky to sweep out a two-dimensional intensity bit map image that is divided into pixels in azimuth and elevation over the sensor field-of-view. A data processor can use information from the bit map to accurately interpolate the position of the sun. The sensor can be integrated as an ultralow-power semiconductor device in a radiation-tolerant hermetic package. The imaging pixels can be formed in the integrated readout circuit via silicon micromachining techniques, and the folded optics can be combined with the analog and digital readout circuitry in the substrate. An integrated microcontroller provides the data processing and control. The MEMS sun sensor features low power usage, small size, high performance, and compatibility with planar semiconductor fabrication techniques.

G. L. Lui, K. Tsai, "Data-aided Symbol Timing System for Precoded Continuous Phase Modulated Signals," U.S. Patent No. 6,862,324, Mar. 2005.

Developed for digital communication systems, these data-aided synchronizers can track the symbol timing or carrier phase of a continuous phase modulation (CPM) signal. The synchronizers can be simply implemented to provide reliable data demodulation of noisy signals having dynamic carrier phase and symbol timing errors, as found in CPM systems employing Gaussian minimum shift keying (GMSK) signals with small bandwidth-time-product values. The symbol-time tracking synchronizer includes a data-aided discriminator that extracts the timing error of the received CPM signal from the principal Laurent amplitude modulation component by an early and late gating operation, followed by a multiplication of the data decision to remove the data modulation. The carrier-phase tracking synchronizer includes a data-aided discriminator that extracts the phase error of the received CPM signal via cross-correlation with the data decision produced by a serial data demodulator. In either case, the error signal is then tracked by a second-order digital loop operating at the symbol rate.

I. Bekey, "Adaptive Reflector Antenna and Method for Implementing the Same," U.S. Patent No. 6,888,515, May 2005.

An adaptive reflector antenna includes an adaptive reflector and a mechanism for simultaneously affecting its feed rotation and shape so as to maintain performance with large scan angles. The system overcomes the limitations of current space-based radar and communications system designs, which are generally limited by the power-aperture product for transmission and by the antenna aperture for reception. The wide scan angle, light weight, essentially unlimited size, and simple and light feed can greatly simplify associated electronics hardware and information processing systems. Thus, the design can decrease total system weight and cost and increase system performance. Fine sidelobe control through large scan angles helps achieve the signal-to-noise ratio and clutter rejection needed for demanding applications, such as identifying and tracking moving targets near the ground.

W. H. Ailor et al., "Spacecraft Reentry Breakup Recorder ," U.S. Patent No. 6,895,314, May 2005.

This invention relates to onboard equipment used to monitor the breakup of a spacecraft during reentry through the atmosphere. One or more small recorders equipped with a sensor suite would be disposed within a spacecraft to collect and record data before and during breakup. A communication system would broadcast the data before impact with Earth. An internal GPS receiver would provide data of the reentry and breakup positions. Such collected data will aid analysis and modeling of critical events leading up to breakup—when and where breakup occurs, how a spacecraft disintegrates during breakup, and possible trajectories of breakup debris. The data may also be used to prevent damage to property or injury to people.

R. L. Wong, J. H. Q. Ly, P. R. Dahl, A. C. Or, "Spacecraft Off-Gimbal IRU Precision Payload Pointing and Disturbance Rejection System," U.S. Patent No. 6,897,821, May 2005.

For inertially stabilized spaceborne gimbaled pointing systems, a common system architecture uses relative angle sensors (resolvers, inductosyns, encoders, differential proximeters) as feedback control sensors and an inertial reference unit (IRU or gyroscopes) as the base motion compensation sensor. The disturbance rejection performance of this system configuration (off-gimbal IRU) is generally degraded with respect to an on-gimbal IRU design. Due to weight (inertia), size, thermal loading, and power considerations, an on-gimbal design may be too costly for space-based systems. A methodology to improve the disturbance rejection performance of the off-gimbal design has been developed. The methodology involves the development of an easily implementable (digital or analog) filter which bandwidth limits the outputs of the feedback and base-motion sensors. By bandwidth shaping of the sensor response, the resulting off-gimbal disturbance rejection performance can be tuned to better than that of the on-gimbal performance. This can be achieved without the need for enhanced performance requirements on the sensors.

G.-T. Tseng et al., "Method and System Using a GPS-Based Phased-Array Scheme for Three-Axis Attitude Determination," U.S. Patent No. 6,906,664, June 2005.

A sensor system enables three-axis attitude determination by means of null-cone patterns and line-of-sight vectors to two or more GPS satellites. The system includes an antenna, a GPS receiver, a processor, and a digital input/output controller. Attitude determination is achieved by exploiting electronic scans of antenna pattern nulls using closely spaced antennas. An active planar phased-array scheme is employed to electronically slew two pattern nulls created by four antennas to obtain three-axis attitude information. In addition to attitude data, navigation information could also be made available from the GPS receiver. The sensor system can be made as a small stand-alone unit or integrated into mobile systems for three-axis/spin-axis/heading/leveling determination and navigation. Multiple configurations are possible using varying numbers of antenna patches, GPS receivers, etc.

D. A. Kozlowski, J. P. Hurrell, "Tunable Optical Local Oscillator," U.S. Patent No. 6,907,052, June 2005.

A tunable optical local oscillator uses an electro-optic Mach-Zehnder modulator driven by an RF local oscillator to provide an accurate, rapidly tunable signal for heterodyne detection. The signal is generated by passing an unmodulated optical carrier through the Mach-Zehnder modulator, which is voltage-biased and tuned by an RF generator to provide a suppressed carrier double sideband signal. The oscillator suppresses unwanted optical signals, up to 50 dB, throughout the bandwidth of the Mach-Zehnder modulator. This results in high spectral purity of the oscillator waveform. The oscillator can be used for spectral analysis of incoming signals, either as part of a communication receiver or as a spectrum analyzer. It can also be used in transmitters, such as in optical radar systems and optical communication systems. The device can provide chirped signals for radar and multiple carrier signals for frequency-hopping in densely populated communication channels. It can be configured using tunable lasers to provide differing optical carriers.

A. H. Quintero et al., "Surveillance Monitoring and Automated Reporting Method for Detecting Data Changes," U.S. Patent No. 6,910,071, June 2005.

An automated monitoring and reporting method is used for detecting changes in data sources accessible via network. Based on user-defined search criteria, the method can look for changed data on a regular schedule and notify the user when changes are found. The method extracts content from specified data sources and updates a master database, then tracks changes in data constrained by the search parameters. The user can be notified of changes via graphical interface, email, pager, or personal data assistant. As a stand-alone process executed on a networked computer, the method monitors other networked computers. For Web-based services, users may be given an account that allows them to specify a list of information sources, such as Web pages identified by the URL, and a set of keywords or other search criteria.

R. K. Douglas, A. S. Abbott, "Spread Spectrum Receiver Kalman Filter Residual Estimator Method," U.S. Patent No. 6,914,931, July 2005.

This processing method improves interference robustness and navigation accuracy in GPS and other spread-spectrum communication systems. A Kalman filter with a Riccati-matrix computation process tracks code and carrier phases. Early and late in-phase and quadrature inputs to the Kalman filter are used to estimate carrier-phase tracking error and rate and acceleration, as well as code-phase tracking error and signal amplitude. Because these inputs do not need to be processed in real time, more advanced algorithms in low signal-to-noise conditions can be applied. The filter state is a tracking residual applicable to navigation correction in ultratight GPS coupling with inertial measurement units. In this case, the residual estimation drives the code and carrier replica oscillators in tightly coupled correlation loops, providing adjusted early and late code replicas and adjusted demodulation carriers for closed-loop code and carrier tracking. This tracking can also be applied to a weak-lock navigation system also using the tracking residual estimation to the code and carrier replica oscillators.

K. W. Baker, "Superheater Capillary Two-Phase Thermodynamic Power Conversion Cycle System," U.S. Patent No. 6,918,254, July 2005.

A new heat engine concept operates on a two-phase thermodynamic power conversion cycle. This engine would be useful as part of a space dynamic power system. It exploits the spaceflight-proven technique of using a porous capillary structure to separate liquid from vapor through heat addition. This engine is different from the existing Rankine because liquid and vapor are at different pressures and are separated during the phase change heat addition process (in the Rankine cycle, liquid and vapor are at the same pressure and mixed during phase change heat addition). It is advantageous to apply this engine to space applications because management of the two-phase working fluid in microgravity can be accomplished using proven loop heat pipe and capillary pumped loop technology. The power system is well suited for space applications using a radioisotope, active nuclear, or solar heat source. It can also use waste heat from various sources such as spacecraft electronics for input energy. The system offers relatively high thermal efficiency while operating at low maximum cycle temperatures.

H. Helvajian, P. D. Fuqua, W. W. Hansen, "Ultraviolet Method of Embedding Structures in Photocerams," U.S. Patent No. 6,932,933, Aug. 2005.

A direct laser processing method creates integral 3‑D structures in photostructurable glass-ceramic materials (photocerams). It also enables the patterned undercutting of unexposed structures, resulting in the fabrication of suspended or supported microstructures. The process involves a computer-controlled micromachining station with a pulsed UV laser that can be moved relative to a workpiece holding the photoceram. A critical dose of UV light selectively exposes embedded volumes of the material for subsequent selective etching. Laser depth is determined by wavelength and focusing optics. As the laser wavelength is tuned to the weak end of the UV absorption band of the photoceram, the absorption decreases in the collateral volume and the penetration depth increases into the focal volume, causing material crystallization. Thus, structures can be created that will retain the shape of the laser beam. For example, a collimated beam can produce a cylindrical hole, while a focused beam can produce a conic section or hyperboloid structure. The process is amenable to rapid batch fabrication.

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